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martes 19 marzo 2024





Bertan > Bertan 15 Los orígenes del arte en Gipuzkoa > Versión en inglés: Aspects of early stone age art

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Aspects of early stone age art

29.© Xabi Otero Carved plaquettes - Ekain
29.© Xabi Otero Carved plaquettes - Ekain
29.© Xabi Otero Carved pebbles - Urtiaga
29.© Xabi Otero Carved pebbles Urtiaga
29.© Xabi Otero Carved bones - Torre
29.© Xabi Otero Carved bones Torre
29.© Xabi Otero Adar landu apainduak: Harpoons
29.© Xabi Otero Adar landu apainduak: Harpoons
29.© Xabi Otero Adar landu apainduak: Azagaiak
29.© Xabi Otero Adar landu apainduak: Javelins
29.© Xabi Otero Adar landu apainduak: Eztenak
29.© Xabi Otero Adar landu apainduak: Tips
29.© Xabi Otero Adar landu apainduak: Rods
29.© Xabi Otero Adar landu apainduak: Rods
29.© Xabi Otero Perforated teeth and shell: Pendants
29.© Xabi Otero Perforated teeth and shell: Pendants

From the very beginning, prehistoric art took different forms, including sculpture, carving, relief, painting etc. We can initially distinguish between two clear types: art mobilier and cave art.

Art mobilier - also known as “mobile art” - was executed on objects such as bone, horn, stone plaquettes or pebbles. Sometimes it consisted merely of drawing non-figurative decorations on hunting tools, made of horn or bone, such as spears or harpoons. In other cases, the figures were made on hanging objects, or on non-utilitarian objects – either carved on flat pieces of bone or stone (plaquettes), or sculpted in stone, bone, horn or ivory.

29.© Xabi Otero PINTURA: Beltza: Egur-ikatza: Ekain - Zaldia
29.© Xabi Otero PAINTING: Balck: Charcoal: Ekain - Horse
29.© Xabi Otero PAINTING: Balck: Egur ikatza: Altxerri - Bisontea
29.© Xabi Otero PAINTING: Balck: Charcoal: Altxerri - Bison
29.© Xabi Otero PAINTING: Balck: Manganese oxide: Ekain bears
29.© Xabi Otero PAINTING: Balck: Manganese oxide: Ekain bears
29.© Xabi Otero PAINTING: Red Ochres: Ekain horses
29.© Xabi Otero PAINTING: Red Ochres: Ekain horses
29.© Xabi Otero CARVING: Deep: Altxerriko fox
29.© Xabi Otero CARVING: Deep: Altxerriko fox
29.© Xabi Otero CARVING: Fine: Stand and doe in Ekain
29.© Xabi Otero CARVING: Fine: Stand and doe in Ekain
29.© Xabi Otero CARVING: Scoring: Altxerriko bisontea
29.© Xabi Otero CARVING: Scoring: Altxerri bison

What we call cave art or “parietal” art was fashioned on the rocky walls of caves or in the open air. The only examples of parietal art to be found in Gipuzkoa are inside caves. The most frequently used techniques were painting and carving – the most common forms of early stone age art found in western Europe.

Both art mobilier and cave art include figurative and non figurative representations. The former are the most common and include a range of contemporary animals, such as horses, bison, urus, deer, reindeer, ibexes, chamois as well as a number of carnivores and fish. Human figures are less numerous. There is also an enormous variety of non-figurative art which is more difficult to interpret, ranging from simple longitudinal lines to zigzags, wavy lines, stars, closed triangles, rhombuses, ovals etc.

Prehistorians have long tried to find links between art mobilier and parietal art, among other reasons because the former might help to date the latter. Pieces of art mobilier are unearthed in particular strata in a dig and are associated with other materials which allow the stratum - and thus the piece in question - to be dated. Cave figures, on the other hand, are found on walls which are generally unrelated to the strata in the site, and could have been created by artists from any period during the Upper Palaeolithic. This is one reason for the interest in finding relationships between the two fields of art. Thus, by means of a stylistic analysis of the figures, art mobilier may help to date parietal art.

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